This sub-project aims to advance a whole-of-society approach to accountability for international crimes in Ukraine. In order to strengthen the capacity of Ukrainian civil society organizations (CSOs) and survivor movements in their pursuit of international accountability, the Netherlands Helsinki Committee (NHC) is supporting the enhancement of their leadership capacities and facilitating their engagement with international justice mechanisms. This includes providing critical resources and technical assistance to support ongoing evidence collection, legal aid for victims, and advocacy directed at international accountability bodies. Particular emphasis is being placed on empowering survivor-led networks to assert their rights and to play a meaningful role in shaping justice responses, especially in cases involving conflict-related sexual violence. In parallel, in order to promote rehabilitative, rights-based approaches within Ukraine's detention system for conflict-related prisoners and ex-combatants, NHC is raising public awareness of rehabilitation over punishment, strengthening CSO capacity to monitor detention facilities according to European standards, and implementing trauma-informed, individualized treatment approaches for detainees. Specifically, NHC is providing capacity development to CSOs, facilitating their engagement with international accountability mechanisms, promoting public awareness of rehabilitative justice, strengthening the independent monitoring of detention facilities in line with European standards, and applying individualized, trauma-informed approaches to the treatment of conflict-related prisoners through legal aid and strategic litigation.